How do I convert MPa to psi?

Convert MPa to pascal by multiplying by 1,000,000, then divide by 6,894.757293168 Pa per psi. Therefore 1 MPa is approximately 145.0377 psi.

How many pascals are in one bar?

One bar is exactly 100,000 pascals in this unit registry.

Is N/mm^2 equal to MPa?

Yes. One newton per square millimeter is exactly 1 MPa for pressure or stress magnitude conversion.

What is the difference between Torr and mmHg?

Torr is defined as 1/760 of a standard atmosphere. This registry uses a conventional millimeter of mercury factor, so the numerical difference is extremely small in ordinary use but the constants are not silently treated as identical.

Can pressure values be negative?

Yes for gauge or differential pressure contexts. Absolute pressure cannot be negative, so users must know whether their source value is gauge, absolute, or differential.

Can I use this for pressure vessel design?

Use it for unit conversion only. Pressure vessel, piping, hydraulic, pneumatic, or structural design requires applicable standards, validated calculations, and qualified professional review.

converterbrowser-only

Pressure Converter

Convert Pa, hPa, kPa, MPa, GPa, bar, mbar, atm, Torr, mmHg, cmHg, inHg, psi, ksi, psf, N/mm^2, kgf/cm^2, kgf/m^2, and conventional water-column units with formulas and steps.

Pressure converter interface

Pressure value

Enter an integer, decimal, negative gauge-style value, or scientific notation such as 1e6.

Number format

Controls display only. Raw conversion values remain unrounded.

A negative converted value can be meaningful for gauge or differential pressure. Absolute pressure cannot be below absolute zero pressure.

From unit

To unit

Pressure conversions are performed locally in the browser and are not submitted to a third-party calculation API.

Result section

okFixed decimal, 4 places

Primary converted value

1 MPa = 145.0377 psi

Pound-force per square inch from Megapascal.

Secondary results

Original input: 1 MPa
Base-unit normalization: 1,000,000.0000 Pa
Conversion factor: 1 MPa = 145.0377377 psi

Unit conversion summary

1 MPa = 145.0377 psi

Reverse conversion: 145.0377 psi converts back to 1 MPa.

Assumptions

Pascal is the internal base unit for every conversion.
Gauge, absolute, and differential pressure context is not changed by unit conversion.
Water-column and manometric units use documented conventional factors in the centralized unit registry.

Calculation steps

Validate input and unitsMegapascal to Pound-force per square inch
Normalize input to pascal1,000,000.0000 Pa
Convert pascal to target unit145.0377 psi
Calculate selected conversion factor145.0377377
Generate all-unit comparison tableEach row is converted from the same normalized pascal value.

Pressure conversion formula

P_{base}=P_{input}\times F_{from};\quad P_{output}=P_{base}\div F_{to}

P_base = P_input x F_from; P_output = P_base / F_to

1 MPa x 1,000,000 Pa/MPa = 1,000,000.0000 Pa

1,000,000.0000 Pa / 6,894.757293 Pa/psi = 145.0377 psi

All-unit comparison table

Every row is converted from the same normalized pascal value, not from a rounded display result.

Input pressure converted to all supported pressure units
Unit name	Symbol	Converted value	Group	Status
Pascal	Pa	1,000,000.0000 Pa	SI and metric	comparison
Hectopascal	hPa	10,000.0000 hPa	SI and metric	comparison
Kilopascal	kPa	1,000.0000 kPa	SI and metric	comparison
Megapascal	MPa	1.0000 MPa	SI and metric	source
Gigapascal	GPa	0.0010 GPa	SI and metric	comparison
Bar	bar	10.0000 bar	SI and metric	comparison
Millibar	mbar	10,000.0000 mbar	SI and metric	comparison
Standard atmosphere	atm	9.8692 atm	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Torr	Torr	7,500.6168 Torr	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Millimeter of mercury	mmHg	7,500.6158 mmHg	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Centimeter of mercury	cmHg	750.0616 cmHg	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Inch of mercury	inHg	295.2999 inHg	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Pound-force per square inch	psi	145.0377 psi	Imperial and US customary	target
Kilopound-force per square inch	ksi	0.1450 ksi	Imperial and US customary	comparison
Pound-force per square foot	psf	20,885.4342 psf	Imperial and US customary	comparison
Newton per square millimeter	N/mm^2	1.0000 N/mm^2	Engineering equivalents	comparison
Kilogram-force per square centimeter	kgf/cm^2	10.1972 kgf/cm^2	Engineering equivalents	comparison
Kilogram-force per square meter	kgf/m^2	101,971.6213 kgf/m^2	Engineering equivalents	comparison
Millimeter of water column	mmH2O	101,971.6213 mmH2O	Conventional water column	comparison
Centimeter of water column	cmH2O	10,197.1621 cmH2O	Conventional water column	comparison
Meter of water column	mH2O	101.9716 mH2O	Conventional water column	comparison
Inch of water column	inH2O	4,014.6308 inH2O	Conventional water column	comparison

Technical visual

Illustrative logarithmic-style scale for common pressure units. It explains relative magnitudes and is not a precision plotting instrument.

Engineering interpretation

Pa and kPa are common in SI fluid, atmospheric, laboratory, and general engineering calculations.
MPa and GPa are common for high-pressure engineering values, material stress, modulus, and simulation inputs.
psi and ksi are common in US customary engineering workflows.
bar is widely used in industrial pressure systems.
atm, Torr, mmHg, cmHg, and inHg are common in atmospheric, laboratory, vacuum, and scientific contexts.
N/mm^2 is dimensionally equivalent to MPa.
Do not label a pressure as safe or unsafe without system-specific design data, standards, and qualified review.

What is a pressure converter?

Convert pressure between Pa, hPa, kPa, MPa, GPa, bar, mbar, atm, Torr, mmHg, cmHg, inHg, psi, ksi, psf, N/mm^2, kgf/cm^2, kgf/m^2, and conventional water-column units. The converter normalizes every input to pascal, shows the formula and steps, and builds a full all-unit comparison table.

How to use the pressure converter

Enter the pressure value. Scientific notation such as 1e6 is supported.
Choose the source unit and target unit.
Select automatic, fixed-decimal, significant-figure, or scientific display formatting.
Review the primary result, pascal normalization, formula substitution, and all-unit comparison table.
Copy the result, copy a share link with safe URL state, or print the calculation summary when needed.

Supported pressure units

Supported units include SI and metric engineering units, atmospheric and manometric units, imperial and US customary pressure units, engineering stress-equivalent units, and documented conventional water-column units.

Pressure conversion formula

The conversion is intentionally two-step: convert the input to pascal, then convert the pascal value to the selected output unit. This avoids pairwise conversion tables and keeps all factors in one central registry.

Notation

Formula notation
Symbol	Meaning	Unit
P_input	Entered pressure value	selected source unit
F_from	Source-unit factor in pascals	Pa per source unit
P_base	Normalized pressure	Pa
F_to	Target-unit factor in pascals	Pa per target unit
P_output	Converted pressure value	selected target unit

Worked examples

1 MPa

Factor: 1 MPa = 145.0377377 psi

Substitution: 1,000,000.0000 Pa / 6,894.757293 Pa/psi = 145.0377 psi

Result: 1 MPa = 145.0377 psi

1 bar

Factor: 1 bar = 100 kPa

Substitution: 100,000 Pa / 1,000 Pa/kPa = 100 kPa

Result: 1 bar = 100 kPa

14.6959 psi

Factor: 1 psi = 0.06804596391 atm

Substitution: 101,325 Pa / 101,325 Pa/atm = 0.999997 atm

Result: 14.6959 psi = 0.999997 atm

250 kPa

Factor: 1 kPa = 0.01 bar

Substitution: 250,000 Pa / 100,000 Pa/bar = 2.5 bar

Result: 250 kPa = 2.5 bar

1 N/mm^2

Factor: 1 N/mm^2 = 1 MPa

Substitution: 1.00000e+6 Pa / 1,000,000 Pa/MPa = 1 MPa

Result: 1 N/mm^2 = 1 MPa

For CFD, FEA, hydraulics, and laboratory work

Use pascal or kilopascal when a solver or report expects SI pressure, MPa or N/mm^2 when working near stress-style engineering values, and psi or ksi when the source data is in US customary units. The converted value still needs the correct gauge, absolute, or differential pressure context.

Common mistakes

Mixing gauge, absolute, and differential pressure without tracking the pressure reference.
Using psi values directly in SI-based CFD or FEA setup fields.
Treating MPa and N/mm^2 as different magnitudes; they are equivalent for pressure or stress dimensions.
Assuming water-column readings are independent of density, temperature, and local gravity.
Rounding an intermediate value and then using that rounded value for another conversion.

Limitations

This converter changes pressure units only; it does not validate a pressure vessel, piping system, structure, or safety-critical design.
Gauge, absolute, and differential pressure context must be supplied by the user.
Water-column and manometric units use documented conventional factors and do not model a real fluid-column measurement.
Display rounding is for readability only; calculations use unrounded floating-point values.
Pressure unit conversion does not determine gauge versus absolute pressure context.
Absolute pressure cannot be negative even though gauge or differential pressure can be represented as a negative value.
Water-column and manometric units use documented conventional factors and do not model density, temperature, or local-gravity effects.
Use validated software and standards for safety-critical pressure vessel or hydraulic design.

Technical notes

A negative converted value can be meaningful for gauge or differential pressure. Absolute pressure cannot be below absolute zero pressure.
Pressure conversion changes units only; it does not validate pressure-vessel, piping, structural, hydraulic, pneumatic, or safety-critical design.

References

NIST SP 811: NIST Special Publication 811, Guide for the Use of the International System of Units.
BIPM SI Brochure: BIPM, The International System of Units (SI Brochure), 9th edition.
ISO 80000: ISO 80000 series, Quantities and units.

Professional support from ScholarEase Consultancy Services LLP

Professional support is available for engineering calculations, CFD and FEA projects, data analysis, MATLAB/Python work, technical documentation, and research support. The converter remains free to use without purchasing services.

Visit ScholarEase

Related tools

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Engineering disclaimer

This tool is intended for educational, estimation, and preliminary engineering use. Always verify critical engineering calculations with applicable standards, validated software, and qualified professional judgment before using results in real design, manufacturing, construction, safety, or compliance decisions.

Need Professional Support?

ScholarTool is powered by ScholarEase Consultancy Services LLP. Professional engineering, simulation, research, and technical documentation support is available through the connected services website.

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Last reviewed: 2026-06-19

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converterbrowser-only

Pressure Converter

Convert Pa, hPa, kPa, MPa, GPa, bar, mbar, atm, Torr, mmHg, cmHg, inHg, psi, ksi, psf, N/mm^2, kgf/cm^2, kgf/m^2, and conventional water-column units with formulas and steps.

Pressure converter interface

Pressure value

Enter an integer, decimal, negative gauge-style value, or scientific notation such as 1e6.

Number format

Controls display only. Raw conversion values remain unrounded.

A negative converted value can be meaningful for gauge or differential pressure. Absolute pressure cannot be below absolute zero pressure.

From unit

To unit

Pressure conversions are performed locally in the browser and are not submitted to a third-party calculation API.

Result section

okFixed decimal, 4 places

Primary converted value

1 MPa = 145.0377 psi

Pound-force per square inch from Megapascal.

Secondary results

Original input: 1 MPa
Base-unit normalization: 1,000,000.0000 Pa
Conversion factor: 1 MPa = 145.0377377 psi

Unit conversion summary

1 MPa = 145.0377 psi

Reverse conversion: 145.0377 psi converts back to 1 MPa.

Assumptions

Pascal is the internal base unit for every conversion.
Gauge, absolute, and differential pressure context is not changed by unit conversion.
Water-column and manometric units use documented conventional factors in the centralized unit registry.

Calculation steps

Validate input and unitsMegapascal to Pound-force per square inch
Normalize input to pascal1,000,000.0000 Pa
Convert pascal to target unit145.0377 psi
Calculate selected conversion factor145.0377377
Generate all-unit comparison tableEach row is converted from the same normalized pascal value.

Pressure conversion formula

P_{base}=P_{input}\times F_{from};\quad P_{output}=P_{base}\div F_{to}

P_base = P_input x F_from; P_output = P_base / F_to

1 MPa x 1,000,000 Pa/MPa = 1,000,000.0000 Pa

1,000,000.0000 Pa / 6,894.757293 Pa/psi = 145.0377 psi

All-unit comparison table

Every row is converted from the same normalized pascal value, not from a rounded display result.

Input pressure converted to all supported pressure units
Unit name	Symbol	Converted value	Group	Status
Pascal	Pa	1,000,000.0000 Pa	SI and metric	comparison
Hectopascal	hPa	10,000.0000 hPa	SI and metric	comparison
Kilopascal	kPa	1,000.0000 kPa	SI and metric	comparison
Megapascal	MPa	1.0000 MPa	SI and metric	source
Gigapascal	GPa	0.0010 GPa	SI and metric	comparison
Bar	bar	10.0000 bar	SI and metric	comparison
Millibar	mbar	10,000.0000 mbar	SI and metric	comparison
Standard atmosphere	atm	9.8692 atm	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Torr	Torr	7,500.6168 Torr	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Millimeter of mercury	mmHg	7,500.6158 mmHg	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Centimeter of mercury	cmHg	750.0616 cmHg	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Inch of mercury	inHg	295.2999 inHg	Atmospheric and manometric	comparison
Pound-force per square inch	psi	145.0377 psi	Imperial and US customary	target
Kilopound-force per square inch	ksi	0.1450 ksi	Imperial and US customary	comparison
Pound-force per square foot	psf	20,885.4342 psf	Imperial and US customary	comparison
Newton per square millimeter	N/mm^2	1.0000 N/mm^2	Engineering equivalents	comparison
Kilogram-force per square centimeter	kgf/cm^2	10.1972 kgf/cm^2	Engineering equivalents	comparison
Kilogram-force per square meter	kgf/m^2	101,971.6213 kgf/m^2	Engineering equivalents	comparison
Millimeter of water column	mmH2O	101,971.6213 mmH2O	Conventional water column	comparison
Centimeter of water column	cmH2O	10,197.1621 cmH2O	Conventional water column	comparison
Meter of water column	mH2O	101.9716 mH2O	Conventional water column	comparison
Inch of water column	inH2O	4,014.6308 inH2O	Conventional water column	comparison

Technical visual

Illustrative logarithmic-style scale for common pressure units. It explains relative magnitudes and is not a precision plotting instrument.

Engineering interpretation

Pa and kPa are common in SI fluid, atmospheric, laboratory, and general engineering calculations.
MPa and GPa are common for high-pressure engineering values, material stress, modulus, and simulation inputs.
psi and ksi are common in US customary engineering workflows.
bar is widely used in industrial pressure systems.
atm, Torr, mmHg, cmHg, and inHg are common in atmospheric, laboratory, vacuum, and scientific contexts.
N/mm^2 is dimensionally equivalent to MPa.
Do not label a pressure as safe or unsafe without system-specific design data, standards, and qualified review.

What is a pressure converter?

How to use the pressure converter

Enter the pressure value. Scientific notation such as 1e6 is supported.
Choose the source unit and target unit.
Select automatic, fixed-decimal, significant-figure, or scientific display formatting.
Review the primary result, pascal normalization, formula substitution, and all-unit comparison table.
Copy the result, copy a share link with safe URL state, or print the calculation summary when needed.

Supported pressure units

Pressure conversion formula

Notation

Formula notation
Symbol	Meaning	Unit
P_input	Entered pressure value	selected source unit
F_from	Source-unit factor in pascals	Pa per source unit
P_base	Normalized pressure	Pa
F_to	Target-unit factor in pascals	Pa per target unit
P_output	Converted pressure value	selected target unit

Worked examples

1 MPa

Factor: 1 MPa = 145.0377377 psi

Substitution: 1,000,000.0000 Pa / 6,894.757293 Pa/psi = 145.0377 psi

Result: 1 MPa = 145.0377 psi

1 bar

Factor: 1 bar = 100 kPa

Substitution: 100,000 Pa / 1,000 Pa/kPa = 100 kPa

Result: 1 bar = 100 kPa

14.6959 psi

Factor: 1 psi = 0.06804596391 atm

Substitution: 101,325 Pa / 101,325 Pa/atm = 0.999997 atm

Result: 14.6959 psi = 0.999997 atm

250 kPa

Factor: 1 kPa = 0.01 bar

Substitution: 250,000 Pa / 100,000 Pa/bar = 2.5 bar

Result: 250 kPa = 2.5 bar

1 N/mm^2

Factor: 1 N/mm^2 = 1 MPa

Substitution: 1.00000e+6 Pa / 1,000,000 Pa/MPa = 1 MPa

Result: 1 N/mm^2 = 1 MPa

For CFD, FEA, hydraulics, and laboratory work

Common mistakes

Mixing gauge, absolute, and differential pressure without tracking the pressure reference.
Using psi values directly in SI-based CFD or FEA setup fields.
Treating MPa and N/mm^2 as different magnitudes; they are equivalent for pressure or stress dimensions.
Assuming water-column readings are independent of density, temperature, and local gravity.
Rounding an intermediate value and then using that rounded value for another conversion.

Limitations

This converter changes pressure units only; it does not validate a pressure vessel, piping system, structure, or safety-critical design.
Gauge, absolute, and differential pressure context must be supplied by the user.
Water-column and manometric units use documented conventional factors and do not model a real fluid-column measurement.
Display rounding is for readability only; calculations use unrounded floating-point values.
Pressure unit conversion does not determine gauge versus absolute pressure context.
Absolute pressure cannot be negative even though gauge or differential pressure can be represented as a negative value.
Water-column and manometric units use documented conventional factors and do not model density, temperature, or local-gravity effects.
Use validated software and standards for safety-critical pressure vessel or hydraulic design.

Technical notes

A negative converted value can be meaningful for gauge or differential pressure. Absolute pressure cannot be below absolute zero pressure.
Pressure conversion changes units only; it does not validate pressure-vessel, piping, structural, hydraulic, pneumatic, or safety-critical design.

References

NIST SP 811: NIST Special Publication 811, Guide for the Use of the International System of Units.
BIPM SI Brochure: BIPM, The International System of Units (SI Brochure), 9th edition.
ISO 80000: ISO 80000 series, Quantities and units.

Professional support from ScholarEase Consultancy Services LLP

Visit ScholarEase

Related tools

Stress Converter Flow Rate Converter Force Converter Pressure Drop Calculator Reynolds Number Calculatorboundary condition generator in developmentcfd setup checklist in development

Engineering disclaimer

Need Professional Support?

Visit ScholarEase

Last reviewed: 2026-06-19

Pressure converter interface

Result section

Secondary results

Unit conversion summary

Assumptions

Calculation steps

Pressure conversion formula

All-unit comparison table

Technical visual

Engineering interpretation

What is a pressure converter?

How to use the pressure converter

Supported pressure units

Pressure conversion formula

Notation

Worked examples

1 MPa

1 bar

14.6959 psi

250 kPa

1 N/mm^2

For CFD, FEA, hydraulics, and laboratory work

Common mistakes

Limitations

Technical notes

References

Professional support from ScholarEase Consultancy Services LLP

Related tools

Print summary

Engineering disclaimer

Need Professional Support?

Pressure converter interface

Result section

Secondary results

Unit conversion summary

Assumptions

Calculation steps

Pressure conversion formula

All-unit comparison table

Technical visual

Engineering interpretation

What is a pressure converter?

How to use the pressure converter

Supported pressure units

Pressure conversion formula

Notation

Worked examples

1 MPa

1 bar

14.6959 psi

250 kPa

1 N/mm^2

For CFD, FEA, hydraulics, and laboratory work

Common mistakes

Limitations

Technical notes

References

Professional support from ScholarEase Consultancy Services LLP

Related tools

Print summary

Engineering disclaimer

Need Professional Support?